@terracatta Do you know about earlier versions of macOS ?

Are you wanting to turn off the public folder or what are you looking for exactly? A user's public folder is added and shared by default if file sharing is turned on. At least since High Sierra, I'm not sure how much farther back it started to be honest.

This is a very old feature of macOS its been there since I've been using the operating system, 10.4 (Tiger). It's possible it was introduce on that version or earlier

I want to check only which folder was shared except from "public folder" because this folder shared by default

then the query @fritz shared should work

SELECT * FROM shared_folders WHERE name NOT LIKE '%Public Folder';